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Updated 8 October 2000

Selenicereus testudo

Synonymy
Cereus testudo Karwinsky ex Zuccarini (1837) Abh. Bayer Akad. Wiss. München 2:682
Cereus pterogonus Lemaire
(1839) Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 59
Cereus pentapterus Otto in Salm-Dyck (1850) Cact. Hort. Dyck. 221
Cereus miravallensis F. A. C. Weber (1902) Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 8:459
Selenicereus miravallensis (F. A. C. Weber) Britton & Rose (1909) Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 112:431
Deamia testudo (Karwinsky ex Zuccarini) Britton & Rose (1920) Cact. 2:213
Deamia diabolica Clover
(1938) Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 65:570
Selenicereus testudo (Karwinsky ex Zuccarini) F. Buxbaum in Krainz (1965) Die Kakteen, Lief 30, Gen. C. iia, in obs.

Ethymology
The adult adpressed stems are somewhat similar to the shell of a turtle = testudo. The former generic name Deamia commemorates Charles
C. Deam who collected this species in Guatemala and sent cuttings to Britton & Rose, the authors of that name.

History
This species was originally described in 1837, but the publication stayed unknown to the major botanists of Cactaceae and the plant was listed as Cereus pterogonus in most collections. Nearly 100 years later Britton and Rose discovered the error and corrected it.

Photograph by Eckhard Meier

Illustration from Blühende Kakteen

Description
Stems
scandent, clambering or sprawling, branching, attached closely to tree trunks by numerous aerial, stout roots, usually twisted about the trunks suggestive a serpent coiled about the tree, stiff, to 10 m long or more, 3-10 cm thick or thicker; ribs (3-)5-8, 10-35 mm high, wing-like; areoles 3-4mm wide, wool white, thin, internodes 10-25mm, except on juveline growth when much shorter; spines 3-4(-10) or more, 10-20 mm long, at first yellowish, later brownish, acicular, spreading, the uppermost longer, bristles on lower part of areole 5-10 mm long; epidermis pale green to emerald green, smooth.
Flowers produced from year-old areoles or older, to 23-28 cm long, 20-22 cm in diameter, nocturnal, but stay open longer than most species, fragrant; pericarpel ovoid, green, podaria low, bracteoles 1mm long or less, purplish red with brown hairs, 10-30 mm long, in their axils; receptacle green, lower part slender, elongate, 10cm, expanding to a broad, funnelform throat, nearly as long as the lower part, bracteoles purplish red, hairs, 10-30 mm long, brown, bristles 3-5, long; outer tepals linear-lanceolate, acute, greenish or greenish white, sometimes with reddish tips, bristles 3-5, long; inner tepals linear-oblong, acuminate, 8-10 cm long, white or creamy white; stamens attached all over the throat of the receptacle style, slender, 24-25 cm long, yellowish; stigma lobes ca 20, linear, yellow
Fruit 6-9 cm, purplish red, spiny.
Seeds ca 3 mm long and 1,5 mm thick, shiny, black.

Origin and habitat
S Mexico (Veracruz, Tabasco, Oaxaca, Chiapas & Quintana Roo) to Belize, Honduras, ranging southwards to Colombia. Usually epiphytic or more rarely lithophytic, at or little above sea level.

Systematics
The only close relative seems to be S. chontalensis. Recently, it has been questioned if these two species realy belong in the genus Selenicereus. DNA-analysis indicate closer relationship with the
West Indian Leptocereus.

Cultivation
S. testudo is easily cultivated if given a compost containing plenty of humus and sufficient moisture in summer. Best grown in a basket or a flat tray. Will not tolerate low temperatures and should not be kept under 15ºC (59ºF) in winter. Gives best performance in full sun and good light is essential for producing flowers. Even relatively small plants will produce flowers. S. testudo may flower any season but usually flowers in summer.

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